THE RADIO STUDIO CAM. YEAH OR NAY?

Radio unlike television has not changed much in 100 years. TV began in black and white, then colour, 625 lines then High definition, terrestrial to satellite but radio has changed little. But an ever increasing phenomenon is now encroaching on radio broadcasting and not for the better.

Radio allows the listener no matter what show they are listening to, to use their imagination. During the golden era of radio in the US in the 40's and 50's, the sound effects person was as important if not more so than any of the inter changeable actors. The listener had to make use of their imagination to picture the scene being created by the radio soundscape. If you were listening to sports on the radio the commentator had to tell you that a team was playing from left to right to help the listener as they closed their eyes and visualized events unfolding on the field of play.

There are times when on a TV show or in person we have met the person behind the voice on the radio and our perceived image of what that person looked like as related to their voice bears little reflection to the person we can see before us. It is this factor that plays such a vital role in the hit TV show 'The Voice' where the judge is unable to make a decision based on a singers looks and must rely on their imagination to associate the voice with a face when the voice is the USP.

This mystique has served radio well but now it is under threat and a threat that should be tackled if radio is to survive undamaged. THE STUDIO CAM.

Many radio stations are now installing studio cameras so that not alone do you hear the voice behind the microphone but you can see them as well. Radio allowed a balding, over weight, cross eyed, pimple faced to entertain their listeners as long as they had the voice for radio. That reassuring lilting voice that took us to a different place but that magic is gone when we can see the presenter. This is now a visual art not a radio/vocal art. That line has been blurred.

Studios now employ set designers to make sure their studio looks good on camera. Advertising is attached to the wall behind the presenter and just like in the early days when presenters were required to put on suits before they 'appeared' on radio, today's presenters must also be fashion conscious, that a female presenters isn't showing too much cleavage or that a male presenter is cleanly shaven.

The blurred media lines are expanding like a shockwave. A TV station produces more written news content on the web than a traditional newspaper. The newspaper is abandoning 'paper' for a web presence and 'people' journalism on social media is replacing NUJ memnbers. But the simplicity of radio and it relative cost effectiveness of the medium should be cherished. While it is true that the fragmentation of how a radio station is broadcast and received is continuing, the content of the programming is not. Drama may have migrated to television although not totally, radio still provides music, news and sports just like it did not the very first radio stations in the 1920's.

When television was being first advertised it was 'pictures by wireless'. Early US television stars were initially radio stars and without radio we would not have had the likes of Bob Hope, Jack Benny or Abbot and Costello. Many early TV programmes simply filmed radio plays and shows but television and radio then separated and both mediums found their loyal audiences. Shock jocks like Howard Stern in the US or even Adrian Kennedy in Ireland create a better more effective product is they do exactly as they say on the tin, broadcast on the radio. Howard Stern encourages web cam viewers by interviewing naked women in his studio, is this radio or television? It cannot be both.

A comparison of listening to radio and watching can be made by listening to an episode of 'A Prairie Home Companion' show with Garrison Keillor and then watching an episode of it being recorded in front of the TV cameras. If you have not seen Garrison you may recognise his voice from some recent car commercials but as you listen create a mental picture of the voices you hear and then watch the show. Make your own conclusions.

Listen http://prairiehome.publicradio.org/www_publicradio/tools/media_player/popup.php?name=phc/2012/02/04/phc_20120204_64

View https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jL5ZKHyF5y0

I will leave you with this. It is a one minute radio serial from the US and as you listen close your eyes, enjoy the experience and remember that this is radio and you can listen to radio while you drive but you cannot watch television.

1930s BROADCASTING LECTURE

The Irish Broadcasting: THE LECTURE ON 1930's IRISH BROADCASTING

The Irish Broadcasting: THE LECTURE ON 1930's IRISH BROADCASTING: I have recently begun delivering lectures of the history of 1930's Irish Broadcasting. I will be delivering the over the next couple of w...

THE LECTURE ON 1930's IRISH BROADCASTING

I have recently begun delivering lectures of the history of 1930's Irish Broadcasting. I will be delivering the over the next couple of weeks at a venue to be confirmed tickets costing €8 (€5 Unwaged or OAP).

The Lecture lasts 70 minutes with a powerpoint presentation and a 15 minute Q & A session after. The main points of the lecture are

1.

The struggles of 2RN especially financially and politically

2

The development of 2RN into Radio Eireann in 1937

3

The Athlone transmitter and its significance nationally and internationally

4

The demise of 6CK in Cork

5

The first conviction under the Wireless Telegraphy Act for illegal broadcasting of a pirate radio station. The sometime hilarious battle to put them off the air.

6

'Plugging a record' has an Irish connection as Radio Eireann becomes an off shore pirate radio station.

7

The IRA Broadcasting Station of 1939 which led to the death of the only man in the world to die in jail on hunger strike having been convicted of running a pirate radio station.

8

Radio Eireann's Short wave and short lived experiments

9

Irland Redkation , the Nazi broadcasts to Ireland as Gaelige

10

Michael O'Hehir's first broadcast

11

The listeners troubles and the licence fee. The competition from England and North of the Border

12

Preparations for war.

Anyone interested please e mail your name and location to eabproductions@dublin.ie

THE 2012 TELEVISION INDUCTEE - GAY BYRNE

Born in Dublin in August 1934, Gay was educated at Synge Street School before gaining employment in a number of different jobs. He admired Irish broadcaster Eamonn Andrews and as a result was employed at Radio Eireann then located in the GPO on Henry Street. Gay has been a part of RTE since 1958. Known as ‘Gaybo’, Gay has been inducted in the Irish Broadcasting Hall of Fame for his contribution to television broadcasting.

In 1962 when Irish television was launched he became host of a new chat show titled The Late Late Show, a role he held until 1999. The first edition of the entertainment show was broadcast on the then titled Telifis Eireann on July 6th 1962 and was originally thought that it would last one series as a summer filler. The show was an immediate success and over the years has tackled many of the major social issues of the time. The show has courted controversy in tackling issues such as contraception, the Catholic Church and abortion. The show has also been the launching pad for music stars such as U2 and Boyzone.

Gay said of the show “Anonymous, private people to whom something extraordinary had happened whether it was falling out of an aeroplane or escaping from a burning building or a sinking ship and who had the capacity to tell the story and that was always a sure-fire recipe for arresting people's attention.”

In 1964 he briefly left RTE and moved to Britain where he worked on the BBC and Granada Television based in Manchester. On the BBC he hosted ‘Open House’ with Peter Haigh and Robert Robinson who famously chaired the quiz shows ‘Call My Bluff’ and ‘Ask The Family’.

On Granada he hosted a nightly news round up programme ‘Scene at 6.30’. On November 25th, 1963, The Beatles taped a mimed performance of their new single, "I Want To Hold Your Hand"/"This Boy" for use on Scene At 6.30. They were also interviewed, along with Liverpool comedian Ken Dodd, by host Gay Byrne becoming the first man to interview the Beatles on television.

In his absence The Late Late Show continued with Frank Hall as host but Gay returned to the show after one season. Some of the controversies seen on the Late Late with Gay include

The Bishop and the Nightie Affair

A minor furore erupted later in 1966 when the Bishop of Clonfert condemned The Late Late Show as immoral and Gay Byrne as a promoter of "filth". The condemnation stemmed from a small item on the show in which Byrne was interviewing a number of couples to see how well they knew each other. Byrne asked a Mrs. Fox from Terenure if she could remember what colour her nightdress was on the first night of her married life to her Mr. Fox. The woman first implied it was "transparent" before revealing that she might not have worn an item of clothing to bed that night at all. This response was received with laughter by Byrne and the studio audience, with Mrs. Fox then revealing her nightdress had been white. However, the Bishop either misheard or ignored this, feeling the need to protest against this "filthy" programme and the "filth" which was being televised into the nation's homes. The Bishop of Clonfert sent a telegram: "Disgusted with disgraceful performance", prompting a swift RTÉ apology which the Irish Examiner states was similar to the apology the same broadcaster issued during the Brian Cowen nude portraits controversy in 2009

Brian Trevaskis

On a March 1966 episode of The Late Late Show a debate was held on the Roman Catholic Church. Brian Trevaskis, a young student making his first television appearance, criticised the Bishop of Galway, Michael Browne for spending so much on a cathedral instead of helping the poor. Trevaskis described the building as a "monstrosity" and referred to the Bishop as a "moron". He was invited back on the show the following week, 6 April 1966, to expand on his opinions. The student referred to the fiftieth anniversary of the Easter Rising, a pivotal moment in Irish history, when he expressed his concern over the devotion of money to building churches in a society where women who were impregnated outside marriage were considered outcasts and as such were vulnerable members of society. Trevaskis claimed Ireland was not a Christian country and told of how, when asked if the bishop knew the meaning of the word "moron", he replied using his uncertainty as to whether the bishop knew the meaning of the word "Christian".

Women's rights

Elderly feminist campaigner Hillary Boyle criticised the Irish government when she appeared on The Late Late Show during the 1970s, calling them "all so afraid of a belt of the crozier (the Bishop's stick)".

The Contraceptive Train

When several women, amongst them June Levine and Nell McCafferty, carried bags of condoms from Belfast on a train in protest at Ireland's strict anti-contraception laws in 1971, The Late Late Show became involved in the incident when one of the women, Mary Kenny, appeared in the studio to say that the law was "pretty damn weird".

Lesbian Nuns

In 1979, Gay Byrne interviewed a lesbian on The Late Late Show, escaping public condemnation in the process. However, when a couple of former nuns who were lesbians were booked to appear in 1985, a High Court case ensued and calls came for The Late Late Show to be axed altogether as it would "greatly undermine Christian moral values" and "the respect of the general public for nuns" to feature the pair on live television. Protestors gathered to recite decades of the rosary, sing hymns as the show got underway.

The AIDS special

An AIDS special in the 1980s included a controversial demonstration on live television of how to attach a condom to a finger.

Annie Murphy

In 1992, Bishop Eamonn Casey resigned when it was revealed that he had broken his vow of celibacy having fathered a child with a young American divorcee named Annie Murphy in 1973 during his tenure as Bishop of Kerry. In April 1993, Murphy appeared on The Late Late Show to speak about the affair and their child, Peter. Eamonn Casey had supported their son financially, but had requested that this be kept quiet to protect his career. At the end of the interview Byrne said if the baby was 'half the man his father was' he would be fine and Annie Murphy replied that the boy's mother (meaning herself) was 'not so bad either', drawing applause from the studio audience, Casey spent most of his time since the scandal outside of Ireland, in an effort to avoid media attention but eventually returned in 2006. Casey himself, was a guest on the show incidentally, on several previous occasions – possibly influencing Byrne's apparent scepticism of Murphy's motives and claims on the show.

Peter Brooke

In 1992 the then Conservative British Secretary of State for Northern Ireland, Peter Brooke appeared on The Late Late Show. After a pleasant interview, Byrne coaxed and goaded the unwilling Brooke, into singing Oh My Darling, Clementine on a day when seven Protestant construction workers had been killed by an IRA bomb. Unionists were outraged at what seemed to be a moment clearly out of touch with grieving families, and instantly requested the resignation of Brooke. Brooke was humiliated, and subsequently lost his position as Secretary of State to Sir Patrick Mayhew after the 1992 British General Election in April.

Pádraig Flynn

In 1999, Pádraig Flynn, Ireland's EU Commissioner, appeared on the show, during which he commented on Tom Gilmartin and a donation of £50,000 to the Fianna Fáil party. Flynn also talked about "the difficulties" in his own life; he talked of having a salary of £100,000 (Irish Púnt) and trying to run three houses, cars and housekeepers along with regular travel. The performance was seen as very out of touch, at a time when house prices in Ireland were rising dramatically, and the average industrial wage was £15,380. This effectively brought to an end any possibility of Flynn returning to a career in politics in Ireland. Flynn also made remarks concerning Tom Gilmartin, a London based Irish builder. In response to Byrne's question that Flynn knew Gilmartin, Flynn answered; "Oh yes, yes. I haven't seen him now for some years. I met him. He's a Sligo man who went to England, made a lot of money, came back, wanted to do a lot of business in Ireland, didn't work out for him, didn't work out for him. He's not well. His wife isn't well. He's out of sorts." Flynn seemed to attack the credibility of Gilmartin at a time when he was being linked in the media to planning irregularities in Dublin. Gilmartin responded by publicising details of meetings with Flynn, and bringing them to the attention of the Planning Tribunal, causing difficulty for Flynn. This "vanity platform" on The Late Late Show saw, as the Irish Examiner later referred to it, Flynn "managed to get both feet into his mouth and talk at the same time".

Terry Keane

The Late Late Show continued to cause controversy right up to Byrne's departure. On his second last show he interviewed the gossip columnist Terry Keane, who went on to reveal a long affair with the former Taoiseach, Charles Haughey. Haughey, a lifelong acquaintance of Byrne, had intended to be available for the last show, but went into hiding from the media as a result of the revelations. Haughey had appealed to Keane not to reveal her story. Keane was publicising her book covering her life in Irish public life, and her career as a journalist with the Irish Independent newspaper group.

Tommy Tiernan

Comedian Tiernan appeared on the show in 1997 but his routine which had not been cleared by the producers led to a record 300 complaints to the station. The shocking routine saw Tiernan use a string of expletives about the Catholic Church and performing a comic routine which mocked Christ's crucifixion and caused outrage across the nation. Tiernan was warned not to leave the studio for several hours for his own safety, after several irate members of the public arrived at Montrose looking for him.

In 1975 Gay and the Late Late Show with the assistance of chief researcher Pan Collins launched the Toy Show which would become an annual Top Three rated programme on Irish television. In 1979 there was a unique link up with an Ulster Television chat show hosted by Gordon Burns who went onto become the host of the popular ‘The Krypton Factor’.

The Late Late Show has and continues to broadcast a number of dedicated shows known as ‘Tribute Shows’ where one guest often as a surprise would be feted on the show. During Gay’s tenure tributes shows were dedicated to Michael MacLiammoir, The Dubliners, Jimmy Magee, Christy Moore and comedienne Maureen Potter.

Gay stepped down as host of the Late Late Show on May 21st 1999. During a star studded final show U2 members Larry Mullen and Bono presented Gay with a Harley Davidson motorbike. His seat on the show was taken by Pat Kenny.

Gay has presented a number of shows and series as well as the Late Late Show. He was host of The Calor Gas Housewife of the Year in an Ireland when women stayed at home and looked after the house and household.

From 1978 to 1994 he was the host of the annual Rose of Tralee festival broadcast live over two nights from the County Kerry town. Gay was the senior anchor for many years for RTE charity fund raising events ‘The People In Need’ telethon. He was chosen as the Irish host of the British created show ‘Who Wants To Be A Millionaire?’ hosted on the BBC by Anne Robinson. The show made by Tyrone Productions lasted two seasons 2000-2002.

‘Class Reunion’ was a This Is Your Life type show that lasted one series in 2005. Also in 2005 Gay presented ‘Gaybo’s Grumpty Men’. In 2008 ‘Gaybo Laughs Back’ was a selection of comedy clips from the many decades of the Late Late Show featuring guest anecdotes and new and familiar comedians.

In 2009 he began hosting ‘The Meaning of Life’, a series of programme interviewing celebrities about their beliefs and traditions. On a lighter note in 2011 he also began hosting ‘For One Night Only’ where he invited a series of musical guests to be interviewed about their life and careers and sing the hits most associated with them. Guests included Imelda May, The Sawdoctors, Christy Moore and Sinead O’Connor.

He hosted the live television concert from the Dublin Convention Centre in honour of Queen Elizabeth II who was making her historic first visit to Ireland in May 2011.

Gay has won a record six Jacobs Awards for his work in broadcasting. Awards came in 1963, 1970, 1971, 1976, 1978 and 1981. He has been recognised by IFTA, IRMA and has been made a Freeman of Dublin.

In tandem with his television career he presented the popular Gay Byrne Hour of RTE Radio 1 from 1973 until December 24th 1999.

He is married to former Harpist and RTE Continuity announcer Kathleen Watkins and the couple have two daughters Suzy and Crona. Outside broadcasting Gay is widely known as the Chairperson of the Road Safety Authority.

SLIDE PRESENTATION OF THE 2012 INDUCTEES

THE 2012 ALTERNATIVE INDUCTEE - DON MOORE

Don was known in the pirate radio world as Doctor Don. Originally an electrician he began as a DJ with Radio Dublin before having a fall out with fellow owner Eamonn Cooke. He joined up with another pirate radio station known as Alternative Radio Dublin. The decision to move from a hobby occasional broadcaster to a more regular schedule required finance and Moore found a new investor. Bernard Llewellyn not alone brought in much needed finance but brought a new professionalism and alternative to the Dublin airwaves.

In 1981 he was involved in the setting up of Channel D, the city's first pirate television channel which lasted a couple of months. Don Moore continued in pirate radio circles including North East Radio until he entered the world of healing and setting up his practice in Drogheda.

Don took hobby pirate radio out of the early seventies and took advantage of lax Government policy and weak legislation. His influence cannot be underestimated as the ratings for an alternative to RTE radio soared. To counteract the influence of stations like ARD, the state broadcaster launched RTE Radio 2 and the political conversation led some people within the pirate radio world to believe that the Government was about to introduce legal commercial radio. As a result men like Llewellyn withdrew their financial support for pirate radio but its was Don's vision of an alternative and a need within the Dublin listening public that enters him into the Irish Broadcasting Hall of Fame.